tribal instrument

Pre-Qin period

According to the unearthed cultural relics and literature, the musical instruments during the pre-Qin period have drums, 鼗, 鼛,, 应, 应,,, 镛, south,钲, 磬, 缶, 编,, 陶 铃, 雅,, 敔, 和, 鸾, 鸾,,,, 籥, 制,,, 管, 管, ,, 笙, 琴, 瑟, building and other kinds. There is a close relationship with mythical legends, seeking gods, folk dance, labor, etc. in the original society. After entering the class society, the instrument is mainly in the entertainment of religion, etiquette, etc. The musical instruments are beautiful and luxurious, larger and larger, such as "Lv Spring and Autumn Spring, Verbies": "Xia Wei, Yin Wei as extravagant, big drum, clock, 磬, tube, 音, 钜For the United States, the public is the same; 俶俶 瑰, 未 闻,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, P> The main bricks of the instruments appeared at the time (there were two different shapes of Qin Han and Yan Xian), flute, square sound, and 箜篌 箜篌 (ie 即). ,, 琵琶, the flute is a accompaniment instrument for "phase and song". Also use of 笳, angle, middle, long, flute, etc. Due to the interaction with the Western Region Culture, the introduced instruments mainly have vertical, Persin (ie, songs), 荜篥, etc. Vertical is also a Persian musical instrument, and the Wei Dynasty passed away from my country. The song is approximately 350 years ago by India and Xinjiang, it is passed into Gansu, according to the "Liang Shu · Ji Dynasty", at least 551 AD (North and South Dynasties).

In the Sui and Tang Dynasties

Sui and Tang Dynasties, the number of musical instruments has increased. Especially drum instruments, this may be due to the development of song and dance music. The striking instrument has copper, the plate, drum, cane, waist drum, feather drum, drums, drums, Qi drums, drums, towering drums, drums, big drums, answers, and chicken, etc. More than 30; the string has a string, three strings, piano, cassic, the wind, the stringed, three stringed, Qiqin and other more than 20 kinds; the piercing laps is a fence, Yisheng flute, handcinde, Taiping tube More than 20 kinds of peach skin. Important changes on the musical instrument during this period were the charm muscle kilone and Qiqin, opened a new field of instrument performance.

Song, Yuan, Ming, Qing

This period has highlighted changes and development, after the Juqin, the Song Dynasty has appeared in the Song Dynasty. See also the records, Hu Qin, Dazhen, Wu Sin, Yueqin, Huuelqin, Bohaiqin, Sininesis, Danbra, Violin, Halzak, Yang Qin, etc. (actually existed in the folk) String instruments are far more than this).唢呐, in the form of a play combination, a major change in the play combination, from the sound, volume and style, and further enrich the play of the music.唢唢 was originally used for military music. As Ming Wang Star, "Wang Xilou, Mr. Yuefu", "Chao Tianzi · Sword": "The speaker, 唢呐, song small lounge, the official ship is like a paralysis, full of you to lift the price. The army, the people listened to the people. What happened to tell this kind of true community? I have blown this home, blowing the home, only blowing the water! "According to Wang Yu," three talents The records of the meeting have been applied to the people.

Characteristics

"Several important components of the civilian music local style"

The composition of local style characteristics, from the technical side, it The entire basic expression of music (tune, tone, adjustment, rhythm, beat, speed, audio, strength, sound, performance, fabric, etc.) and integral performance, they are constituted - An indispensable basic element of the first instrument style characteristics. According to the characteristics of traditional Chinese folk music performance, in general, the important constituent factors in local style are playing skills, and there are several aspects of the combination of civil traditional learning.

Solo music

flute, 笙 乐乐

● The shape of the flute

flute, take the bamboo, the body is opened Blow hole, membrane hole, two (or four) air holes and six press sound holes. The film hole is blocked or bamboo film, and the left hole is blocked by a flute, cross.

● Northern Shimidi Music

"Wuyi" "Wusu" "Feng Ziguo" Happy "" Flying Kite "" Hanging Red Light "" Huang Wei Wings "; Liu Tube "The" selling vegetables "" Shady Bird "" Shandong Bird "" The Peace Pigeon "" The Pigeon ".

● Southern Trus Music

Shi Lu has: Lu Shuling played "Xiaoyu" "鹧鸪飞" "Happy Song" "Chinese Flower Six Board"; Zhao Song Ting "Three VII" "Morning" and Jiang Xu Xi "played by Jiang Xiang.

● 乐乐

is an ancient reed instrument in my country. Early in Yin Dynasty (1401 BC - the first 1122 years) has the name of and (ie Xiaoyu). In ancient "Shang Shu, Yishu", "Books", "Books, Xiaoya Lum Ming", also recorded "Blowing Spring". In the future, "Weekly", "Zhou Li" and other historical literature, this instrument is recorded in this instrument. The earliest active, seeing the musical instrument of Zeng Hou Bi, Hubei, and there have been two hundred years of history. In history, the twenty-two spring, twenty-three-three spring, twenty-six-shaped instruments are generally called; 乐 乐 簧 簧,,,, 器 器 器 器 器 器 器 器 器 器 器 器 器 器 器 器 器 器

The shape of: 笙 is mainly composed of three parts of a spring, a flute, and a hunger. The ancient boom is used in ancient bamboo, and the post-change is used to use copper; the flute is a long-short bamboo tube (manufactured by purple bamboo), on the upper end, there is an elongate window (ie, outgoing holes), near the lower end There is a circular hollow hole, the lower end is inserted to reeling, and inserted into the hob; the hood, wood or copper, circular flat top, topped with an insertion hole, the hidden There is a blow.

The development of the solo art: the development of the solo art is mainly in the north.

Erhu, Boai Music

● 二 胡 概 概

two Hu, Jing Hu, Jing Erhu, soft bow Jinghu, root card, Yuehu, Four Hu, pendant , Zhonghu, Bighu, etc., the plate, like a plate, coconut, two strings. ● Board music

Board has a variety of names in the private room, such as: 子 胡, scoop, big string.

Zheng Music

Historical Equation: Men is a musical instrument named with sound effects, and the traditional zither songs in all regions have mainly distributed in Henan, Shandong, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Minnan Province. Meizhou, Guangdong Province and Chaoshan.

琵琶 乐乐

琵琶 is a musical instrument named after playing. "" And "" "originally the name of the two players of ancient plungers, Qin and Han to Tang Dynasty, the two words became a mixture of multiple plug instruments. After the Tang Dynasty, it was used as a special noun for a separate instrument.

Ensemble Music

Silkle

"silk", "bamboo" two-character name is the earliest seen in "Zhou Li Spring official", belongs to eight sounds, Refers to the category of the instrument. The Han Dynasty, the history of silk, bamboo is accompanied by vocal music. During the Wei and Jin Dynasties, silk bamboo is used for accompaniment sound music, and it is often used in singing before singing. This kind of performance is in a lot of song and dance music, saying singing music I have been reserved until now. The "Clearance" during the Tang Dynasty, and the "Fra" is also the form of ancient silk bamboo music in my country. The instrument used by the "Clearance" is, flute, bull, festival, piano, sesson, zither, and eight kinds. The instrument used by "France" has 琵琶, 箜篌, stringed piano, zither,, 觱篥, square ring, clap. The details of the Song Dynasty, silk bamboo music was highly developed. The instrumental ensemble of the Yuan Dynasty is like large songs, small songs, return songs, etc. The instrument system "zither, Qin Jiu, Hu Qin, is not like", etc., is also the form of silk bamboo. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, with the development of the opera music, the Silk Bamboo Band has been widely used in drama music, singing music, singing and dancing music, and independent silk bamboo enhances have been widely circulated and developed throughout the country.

● Jiangnan silk bamboo

The popular region is centrally in Shanghai, including the southern Jiangsu, the west of Zhejiang, which is the south of the south of the other regions.

Jiangnan Silk Bamboo Band Compared with the least two (two Hu, Flute); generally three to five; more than seven, eight people. String instrument: two Hu, small three strings, 琵琶, piano; tube musical instrument: flute,, 笙; striking instrument: drum, board, wooden fish, bell, etc. The Jiangnan silk bamboo music is light, bright, cheerful, lively, music, and a general manner that the Jiangnan people is simple and joyful, reflecting the Jiangnan style of the mountain clear water.

● Guangdong Music

The popular region is popular in Guangzhou and the Pearl River Delta, Zhanjiang and Guangxi Vernacular Areas are also prevailing. In the future, it gradually circulated into Shanghai and Northern Tianjin, Beijing. Waiting for big cities.

Guangdong Music is formed in the late Qing Dynasty and the late Qing Dynasty, because of the small songs in the opera, the songs and the filming music, such as the "one ingot" played by the Cantonese opera, when the cave is playing "Liu Yong Niang", "crying emperor", waiting for the ignite candle, so that the locals call it "Protoral" "Small Qu" "Travel".

Guangdong music band compilation is the same as the musical instrument used in the opera music, is the two strings, the pair of violin (the same, but larger), three strings, monthly piano, crosshair five, known as "five heads ", Also known as" hard bow combination ".

● Chaozhou Strove

Chaozhou String poetic is known as the string poetry, mainly popular in the tide of Guangdong Province, the area, and the south of the south is also popular, and then the overseas Chinese are also sent to Southeast Asia. country.

● Fujian South Song

South Song also known "Nanyin", "Nanle", "Nan" or "Hollow", mainly streamdab to Quanzhou City, Minnan Province, Jinjiang Region , Xiamen, Longxi and Taiwan are also very popular. With the migration of overseas Chinese, playing more (sing) in Ryukyu and Nanyang Islands, and is kind to the local overseas Chinese and Hong Kong, Australia and Taiwan compatriots as "hometown".

South Squar "refers to", "spectra", "song" three categories.

refers to the "finger spectrum" "finger sleeve", it is a full large set of words (ie, a scattered bracket), traditional Thirty-six sets, then increased to forty-eight big sets, each set has a certain storyline, such as "White Rabbit" "Liu Zhiyuan" "Rouge", "Wushan 12 Peak" "18th Bachelor" Lights ", etc.. The track mainly has "coming" "one paper" "堂" "the heart of the liver" "is a jun" five sets.

Spectrum: Also known as "Best Profile", that is, the instrument of the music. There are 琵琶 指法, there is a 12 sets of sets, and then increased to sixteen sets. The famous set song has "four passengers" "plum flowers" "Take the horse" "Birds homing" four sets, referred to as "four, plum, walk, return". Other sets of "three people" "four should not" "Yangguan three stack" "three-sided money through" "five-way money through" "eight-faced money" "playing board" and so on.

song: ie scattered, also called grass, all the words sing, the number is not a thousand, the popular geographical area is very wide. The curvature long rolls, the medium rolling, short rolling, sequential roll, quadruple, multiplied, small, and so on. Each "rolling door" has a specific beat, a melody; there are several card names under "rolling doors", and there are many small songs under the names.

South Square (part of the instrument), there are three versions. "Wen Huan Tang's first spectrum" "Springnan Indicatus" "Southern" Indication ".

Take the music

Song Dynasty, the musical instrument used in the court, the tube music is angle, 笳, 排, 排, 筚篥, Zhongming, Changming; Musical instruments are mainly embarrassed, 钲, 铙,, drums, drums, drums, etc.

The introduction of the trivial instruments in the music, approximately in the gold, Yuan period, it was used for military music, and The Ming Dynasty was widely circulated in the mainland people.

There are three types of playing music, and three types of musical instruments of 唢唢, pipes, flutes, respectively.

● 冀中 管 乐

This music is good at blowing Qin people songs, minor and masses of songs, so commonly known as "blowing songs". It is mainly popular in the most famous of the Pok Village of Xu Water, Anping, Anguo, Bo Ya, Sui County, Hebei Province.

● Shanxi eight sets

Shanxi "eight big sets", mainly popular in five, Dai Xiang County, Yu County, original, and 崞 county.

● 西南 南 鼓 乐

The encouragement of the mountains around Shandong can be divided into three parts according to the characteristics of popular geographical and performance. Zhuxiu, the drums of Yantai and the Laiyang area, and the play is more in the form of the pipe; the encouragement of Changyi and Zhangqiu region, the play is more in the form of the flute, the drums of Heze, Jining, and Liaocheng area. There are more plays in the form of 唢唢, Song Tong. Popular in Heze, Shandong, Jining, is the most important part of Shandong advocacy, and has the prestige of "hometown" in my country.

● Liaonan Heaven

Liaonan advocacy has been derived from the north-south songs since the Ming Dynasty, and it is absorbed by the local folk songs and instrumental music.

(1) Han blowing

Playing in the form of sitting, often playing the tracks "Da Yu Lang" "Little Yumo Lang" "Dasu Tiange" "Little Ou Tian Song" "Da Chaoyang" "Xiaoyang" "Huang Wei" "Lanji" "Month High" "Jinzi" "Nanzheng Palace" and so on.

(b) Big brand song

is used for marriage, funeral, to sit in the form of a shed. The tracks of frequent play have "four" "geese".

18 Ming Musical instrument

(1) tap 16 鸣 器: 咚, wooden stick piano, rhyme board, Keno bamboo tube, bamboo tube piano, 锣,, single, 铓, Copper drum, etc.

(2) martyrdom moisture: good stick, copper mirror, bamboo, bamboo bar, cymbal, cloth, mulberry, head cymbals, two cymbals, small 钹, 铙, big, Sites,, small, touched, bench, backbell, broad, bench, stone, stone, bones, etc..

(3) Falling body shinglers: Le Shi, bamboo tube, bamboo tube, A嘎, etc.

(4) swing bulringier: Cable, Sabai, Hot Bail Bell, Bell, Gangang Bell, Yao Bell, Shaman Bell, Ranning, Series Bell, Copper Bell, Eight Bao copper bell, teacher knife, etc.

(5) Composite body sound instrument: bamboo spring, teeth, iron rings, etc.

Membrane

(1) 棰棰 膜 器: big drums, plant processes, stuff, slight fight, glow, gift, monkey drum, waist drum, plate drum , Pig mouth drum, ginger drum, drum drum, flat drum, eight toner drums, book drums, fire people, like, small drums, Taiping drums, Japanese wood, ring drums, drums, Dama, Nagra, Da Ma, built Drums, meadows, the amount, Darbul, bamboo drum, and so on.

(2) Mobs