Plug-in

honggarae 09/03/2022 841

Developmenthistory

Theappearanceofplug-inscanbetracedbacktothemid-1970s.WhentheEDTtexteditorwasrunningUnisysVS/9operatingsystemonUnivac90/60seriesmainframes,itprovidedaThefunctionoftheitemisthattheeditorcanrunaprogramandallowthisprogramtoentertheeditor'sbuffer,allowingtheexternalprogramtointerferewiththetaskbeingeditedinthememory.Theplug-inprogrammakestheeditorperformtexteditingonthebuffer,andthisbufferissharedbytheeditorandtheplug-in.TheWaterlooFortrancompilerusesthesefeaturestoenabletheinternalcompilationofFortranprogramstobeeditedwithEDT.

Thefirstapplicationsoftwarewithplug-insonpersonalcomputersmaybeHyperCardandQuarkXPressonApplecomputers,bothofwhichwerereleasedin1987.

Mechanismandprinciple

Applicationsoftwareprovidesvariousservicesthatenableplug-instobeused,includingprovidingloadingmethods,sothatplug-inscanbeloadedintoapplicationsandnetworktransmissionprotocols,therebyharmonizingPlug-infordataexchange.Theplug-inmustrelyontheapplicationtoperformitsownfunctions,andtheplug-inalonecannotrunnormally.Onthecontrary,theapplicationdoesnotneedtorelyontheplug-intorun,sothattheplug-incanbeloadedintotheapplicationanddynamicallyupdatedwithoutcausinganychangestotheapplication.

Theopenapplicationprograminterfaceprovidesastandardinterfacethatallowsotherstowriteplug-insandinteractwiththeapplication.Astableapplicationprograminterfacewillallowotherplug-instorunnormally,eveniftheirinitialversionischanged,itwillalsosupportplug-instoextendthelifeofoldapplications.Theplug-inapplicationprograminterfacesofAdobePhotoshopandAfterEffectshavegraduallybecomethestandardandhavebeenpartiallyadoptedbysomecompetingapplications.OtherAPIslikethisincludeAudioUnitsandVST.

Justlikeanetworkswitchmaycarryanunoccupiedbutnon-standardporttoaccommodatevariousoptionalphysicallayerconnectors.Gamesandcertainapplicationsoftenuseplug-inarchitecturestoalloworiginalpublishersandthird-partypublisherstoaddfunctionality.

Manufacturerscanuseplug-instogeneratesellerlocks.Byselectingtheoptionofrestrictingupdates,buyerswhoaresignedbymanufacturerscanupdateandusetheirproducts.IBM’sMicroChannelArchitecture,technicallyspeaking,ismoreadvancedthantheIndustryStandardArchitectureandcanaddcomponentstoIBM’spersonalcomputers,butithasnotbeenwidelypromotedbecauseitisdifficulttoobtaincertificationforthird-partydevices.Microsoft'sFlightSimulatorseriesismorefamousbecauseitcandownloadaircraftattachments.

Category

IE

Filetype

1.*.ocx——Itcanbeinstalledautomaticallyinthebackgroundwhenbrowsingtheweb,usersmaynotbeawareofit.

2.*.dll-Itcanbeinstalledautomaticallyinthebackgroundwhenbrowsingtheweb,andtheusermaynotbeawareofit.

3.*.cab——Itcanbeinstalledautomaticallyinthebackgroundwhenbrowsingtheweb,andtheusermaynotbeawareofit.

4.*.exe——Youneedtodownloadtoinstall,andtheinstallationrightiscontrolledbytheuser.

5.Registrykeyvalue-awebpageorprogramcanmodifytheregistrykeyvaluebycontrollingnwscript.exe,cscript.exe,wscript.exe,regedt32.exe,regwiz.exe,regsvr32.exe,reg.exe,regini.exe.(Representativework:Homepagewasforciblymodified)

Infringement

MethodstoprotectIEbrowserandresourcemanagerfromplug-insthroughfirewall:

1.Restrictfileswithfiletypesof*.ocx,*.dll,and*.cabfromenteringtheintranetthroughthefirewall.(AddanexceptionlisttotrustedURLssuchasbanksandadobe)

2.Shieldthewebpagecodethatcallsnwscript.exe,cscript.exe,wscript.exe,regedt32.exe,regwiz.exe,regsvr32.exe,reg.exe,andregini.exeprograms.

Commonplug-insforIEbrowserssuchas:Flashplug-in,RealPlayerplug-in,MMSplug-in,MIDIstaffplug-in,ActiveXplug-in,etc.;anotherexampleisWinamp'sDFX,whichisalsoaplug-in.Therearealsomanypluginsnewlydevelopedbyprogrammers.

Thedifferencebetweenacomponentandaplug-inisthataplug-inisaprogramthatbelongstoaprograminterface.ThecomponentsarecontrolsandobjectsinASP.ThestandardinstallationofASP/IISprovides11installablecomponents.TheFSOcomponentofASP,theprogrammingfriendsareallveryfamiliar,itisthemostcommonlyusedScripting.FileSystemObjectobject.

1.Whatisaplug-in?

Aplug-inreferstoaprogramthatwillbeexecutedautomaticallywhentheIEbrowserisstarted.

2.Whatarethecharacteristicsofmaliciousplug-ins?

Someplug-inscanhelpuserstobrowsetheInternetmoreconvenientlyorcallonlineauxiliaryfunctions,andsomeprogramsarecalledadware(Adware)orspyware(Spyware).SuchmaliciousTheplug-inprogrammonitorstheuser'sonlinebehaviorandreportstherecordeddatatothecreatoroftheplug-inprogramtoachieveillegalpurposessuchasadvertising,stealinggamesorbankaccountpasswords.

Becausetheplug-inprogramisissuedbydifferentpublishers,thetechnicallevelisalsouneven,theplug-inprogramislikelytoconflictwithotherrunningprograms,resultinginvariouspageerrors,runtimeerrors,etc.,Blockingnormalbrowsing.

3.Fromwherewilltheplug-inbeloadedintotheIEbrowser?

Accordingtotheloadingpositionoftheplug-ininthebrowser,itcanbedividedintotoolbar(Toolbar),browserassistance(BHO),searchhook(URL)SEARCHHOOK),downloadActiveX(ACTIVEX).

4.Explanationofdifferenttypesofplug-insInwebpagesorotherapplications.OntheInternet,ActiveXplug-insoftwareischaracterizedby:generalsoftwareneedstobedownloadedandinstalledseparatelybyusers,whileActiveXplug-insareautomaticallydownloadedandpromptedbyIEwhentheuserbrowsestoaspecificwebpageUserinstallation.

TheprerequisitefortheinstallationofActiveXplug-inisthatitmustbedownloadedfirst,thenauthenticated,andtheenduserconfirmstheconsentbeforeinstallation.Therefore,thepageembeddedwiththeActiveXscriptprogrammaybecomeveryslow,andevencausethebrowsertoloseinstantlyresponse.

PluginManagementExpert2008canshieldplug-insthatusersdonotneedtoinstall,speeduppageloadingspeed,andensurenormalbrowsingbyusers.

②BrowserHelper(BHO)

ThefullnameofBHOisBrowserHelperObject,whichisasmallprogramthatisautomaticallyexecutedeverytimeanInternetbrowser(suchasIE)isstarted.NormallyNext,aBHOfileisinstalledbyothersoftwareintotheuser'ssystem.Forexample,someadwarewithdownloadingfunctionmayinstallaBHOfiletotrackmanywebpageadvertisementsthatusersencounterwhilesurfingtheInternet.

UsuallyBHOwillhelpusersbrowsetheInternetmoreconvenientlyorcallonlineauxiliaryfunctions.SomeBHOsarealsocalledadware(Adware)orspyware(Spyware).TherecordeddataisreportedtothecreatorofBHO.BHOmayalsoconflictwithotherrunningprograms,resultinginvariouspageerrors,runtimeerrors,etc.,whichusuallypreventnormalbrowsing.

③Searchhook(URLSEARCHHOOK)

Whentheuserentersanon-standardURLintheaddressbar,suchasEnglishcharactersorChinese,whentheaddressbarcannotexplaintheinputstringWhensuccessful,thebrowserwillautomaticallyopenaresultpagewiththestringenteredbytheuserasthesearchtermtohelptheuserfindthecontenttheyneed.TheURLSearchhookobjectisaplug-inthatcompletesthesearchfunction.Itisusuallydevelopedbyathird-partycompanyorindividual.Theplug-inisinstalledonthebrowserinordertohelpusersbetterusetheInternet.Forexample,theusercandirectlyseethemobilesearchresultsbytyping"mobilephone"intheaddressbar.TherearealsosomecompaniesorindividualsinordertoimprovewebsiteaccessOrforothercommercialpurposes,modifytheURLSearchhookoftheIEbrowserwithouttheuser'sknowledge.

UsePlug-inManagementExpert2008tomanageURLSearchhookplug-inprograms,blockordeleteunwantedmaliciousplug-ins.

④Toolbar

Toolbar,usuallyreferstotheauxiliarytoolsloadedinthebrowser.Itislocatedbelowthestandardtoolbarofthebrowser,clickontheblankspaceoftheIEtoolbarRight-click,youcanviewallinstalledtoolbars,andchecktoshoworhidetheinstalledtoolbars.

Website

referstotheprogramfilesaddedbythewebsiteinordertoaddacertainfunction.UsuallyforumprogramssuchasphpwindareusedonSNSsites,suchasuchome.

Websiteplug-insareusuallydividedintotwocategories:

Functionalenhancements

ThistypeofsystemusuallyaddstotheoriginalwebsitefunctionsFunctiontoachieveothereffects,suchasGoogleSitemapsForZ-Blog,istoaddGooglesitemapsfunctiontothezblogsystemtofacilitateGoogle'sinclusion.Therearemanysuchplug-ins,andfordifferentwebsitesystems,therearestrictplug-inwritingrequirements.Therearealsopluginsthatthesystemcomeswithbydefault,suchasphpwind'sbankplugin,advertisingplugin,invitationtoregisterplugin,etc.

Entertainmentnature

Thiskindofplug-inismainlyforenhancingtheadhesionofthewebsite,inotherwords,itistoretainvisitors.Forexample,thehappyfarmplug-inofKaixin.com,theparkingspaceplug-inandotherentertainmentplug-ins.Suchplug-inscanretainvisitorstoalargeextentandincreasewebsitetraffic.Inaddition,"AngelPetsforphpwindall"isanapplicationplug-inonBBS,and"CareerUnderworld3.0plug-infordiscuz!"isanentertainmentplug-inusedontheforumbbs.

Plug-in

Electroniccomponents

Concept

Anelectroniccomponentthatcanbeinsertedinto(orpulledout)sub-boxes,racks,andcabinets,Usedtodirectlyinstallelectroniccomponents,devicesandelectromechanicalcomponents,andrealizeexternalelectricalconnectionthroughconnectors.Itisthemostbasicelectroniccomponentandbelongstothesecondlevelofassembly(seeelectronicassemblylevel).

Pluginstructure

①Singleboardplug-inusingoneprintedcircuitboard;

②UsetwoprintedcircuitboardsFormasandwichorcombinedplug-in;

③Anumberofsmallprintedcircuitboards(daughterboards)areinstalledonalargeprintedcircuitboard(motherboard),whichiscalledsub-motherplug-in.

Intheplug-instructure,inadditiontoprintedcircuitboards,structuralaccessoriessuchasframes,smallpanels,shieldingcoversandhandlescanalsobeinstalledaccordingtoactualneeds.Themostpopulartypeisaprintedcircuitboardwithaprintedplug.Theconnectoroftheplug-inisgenerallyaprintedplug(oredgeplug)thatisconnectedtotheprintedcircuitboard.However,inordertoincreasetheline-outcapability(thatis,thenumberofconnectionpointsoftheconnector),reliabilityandmaintainability,high-performanceelectronicequipmenthastendedtoadopttwo-piececonnectors,thatis,connectorswithseparateplugsandsockets.Generally,theconnectorisonlyinstalledatoneendoftheplug-in.Inordertoincreasethenumberofconnectionpoints,connectorscanalsobeinstalledonthreeorevenfoursidesoftheplug-in.Therefore,thegeneralconnectorisnolongerapplicable,andanon-pluggingforceconnectormustbeused.Theplug-inframecanadoptathinplatestructure,analuminumprofilecompositestructure,analuminumalloydiecastingstructureandaplasticcompressionstructure.Accordingtotheshieldingrequirements,afullyenclosedstructurecanbeused,withshieldingcoverplatesaddedtotheupper,lower,andbothsidesoftheframe,oranopenstructurewithonlypartialcoverplates.ChinaandtheInternationalElectrotechnicalCommission(IEC)respectivelystipulatedthebasicsizeseriesofplug-inpanelsandprintedcircuitboardsinGB3047.2-82andIEC48D(Secretariat)DocumentNo.12(draft).

Mediaplayerplug-in

Winampaudioplayerandfoobar2000audioplayerbothsupportplug-instoreadmoreaudioformatsanddisplaymoreMoreaudiofileinformation(suchasencoderinformation,albumart).

Plugin

OpenCorePluginisasystemwithapureplug-instructure,andallfeaturesincludingthekernelaremadeupofplug-ins.Aplug-inisanabstractionofthestaticstructureofthesystem,aphysicalsoftwaremodulethatsatisfiescertainconstraintsandprovidesaself-description.Theplug-ininOSGiiscalledBundle,whichisphysicallyaJarfilethatprovidesaself-describingfile.Plug-inscanbedynamicallyinstalled,activated,deactivatedanduninstalled.Theplug-incontainsmultipleServiceobjects.

Therearetwokindsofdependenciesbetweenplug-ins:

Physicaldependencies,thatis,Classdependenciesbetweenplug-ins,suchasAplug-inImportBplug-inClass.

Logicaldependency,theserviceinplug-inAdependsontheserviceinplug-inB.

Flash

Flashplug-inreferstotheFlashplug-in(Adobe®Flash®PlayerPlugin)installedinthebrowsertoenablethebrowsertoplayswffiles.

Inordertoenhancethefunctionofflash,someindividualsandcompaniesdevelopplug-insthatcanbeinstalledinflash(thesameasmanysoftwareplug-ins).Itcanrealizefunctionssuchasautomaticsaving,drawingspecialsymbols,andskeletalanimation.

Thiskindofplug-inisgenerallyafileendingwithmxp,suchasik_motion.mxp,line.mxp,etc.Themostnotablefeatureofthiskindofplug-inisthatitcanplaymultimediadatasuchasAVI,anditscompatibilityisquitelarge.Plug-insaretheauxiliarywebpages.Flashplug-insmustbeusedtoplaysomevideos.

Technicalbenefits

Usingplug-intechnologycanbeusedinanalysis,design,development,projectplanning,collaborativeproductionandProductexpansionandmanyotheraspectsbringbenefits:

(1)Thestructureisclearandeasytounderstand.Sincethestructureofthehardwarebusisusedforreference,andtheplug-insareindependentofeachother,thestructureisveryclearandeasiertounderstand.

(2)Easytomodify,strongmaintainability.Sincetheplug-inandthehostprogramareconnectedthroughaninterface,justlikeahardwareplug-incard,itcanbedeleted,insertedandmodifiedatanytime,sothestructureisveryflexible,easytomodify,andconvenientforsoftwareupgradeandmaintenance.

(3)Strongportabilityandstrongreusability.Becausetheplug-initselfiscomposedofaseriesofsmallfunctionalstructures,andprovidesitsownservicestotheoutsidethroughtheinterface,thereuseisgreaterandthetransplantationismoreconvenient.

(4)Thestructureiseasytoadjust.Theincreaseordecreaseofsystemfunctionsrequiresonlycorrespondingadditionsanddeletionsofplug-ins,withoutaffectingtheentiresystemstructure,sostructuraladjustmentscanbeeasilyrealized.:

(5)Thecouplingbetweenplug-insislow.Sincetheplug-incommunicateswiththehostprogramtorealizethecommunicationbetweentheplug-inandtheplug-in,theplug-inandthehostprogram,thecouplingbetweentheplug-insislower.

(6)Theapplicationcanbemodifiedduringthesoftwaredevelopmentprocess.Duetotheplug-instructure,theplug-incanbemodifiedatanytimeduringthesoftwaredevelopmentprocess,oraftertheapplicationisreleased,theplug-incanbeaddedordeletedintheformofapatchpackagetoachievethepurposeofmodifyingtheapplicationthroughthisform.

(7)Flexiblesoftwaredevelopmentmethods.Youcanadjustthedevelopmentmethodaccordingtotheactualsituationoftheresources.Iftheresourcesaresufficient,youcandevelopalltheplug-ins.Iftheresourcesarenotenough,youcanchoosetodevelopsomeplug-ins.Youcanalsoaskthird-partyvendorstodevelopthem.Userscanalsodevelopaccordingtotheirownneeds.