Moral support from many, scant support

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When the day is not as good as the land, the land is not as good as people. The city of Sanli, Qili's Guo, the ring attack. The husband is attacked, there must be a lot of time, but the invincible, it is not as good as the land. The city is not high, the pool is not deep, the soldiers are not strong, and the rice (sù) is not much, and the committee is not as good as people. Therefore, the domain is not in the world, the solid country is not in the risk of Shanxi, and the world is not the benefits of the leather. Saters can help, the lost person is helpless.寡 help, relatives; more help, the world is smooth. Take the world, the sake of relatives, so the gentleman is not war, the war will win.

translation

It is conducive to the weather, seasonal order, which is not conducive to the geographical situation that is conducive to the operation, is conducive to the geographical situation of the combat, which is not more than the people in the fight. Internal unity.

The inner city of Sanli, the outer city of the square, surrounded by attacking it, but can't win. (Adopted) surrounded (mode) to attack the city, it must be a weather that is conducive to operation, but it is not to win, this is (because) is conducive to the weather, the season is not conducive to the geographical situation of the operation. The wall is not very high, the moat is not deep, the weapons and equipment (also) is not strong, food supply (also) is not enough, but (defeated the city or still) abandon the city and escape, this is (because) The geographical situation of the combat (also good) (also) does not have the heart, internal unity.

So say: Let the people settle down (without moving to other places), can't rely on the boundaries of the territory, consolidate the risk of defense can't rely on the mountains and rivers, and shock the sharpness of the weapons. The monarch of the Renzheng, helping to support him, do not implement people, and support people who help him. Support to help him get a very poor, even brothers and blood will betray him; support to help him more, all people in the world (will) return him. With the people of the world, they will attack his conditions, and they will attack the brothers and son, so they will fight the monarchs who can do the benevolent government, and they will win.

Notes

Sanli City: The inner city of the square.

Qili Zhi's Guo: Fangyuan Yidi's outer city. Guo: outside the city

ring: surround.

pool: moat.

such as: By

troops: generally refer to weapons and equipment. Soldiers, weapons. Leather, leather made of A, 胄, helmet, and shield.

The committee goes: abandon the city and escape. Discover. Go, leave.

The domain is not in the world: keep the people settle down (without moving to other places), can't rely on the boundaries of the territory.

The solid country is not dangerous in Shanxi: consolidating national defense, can't rely on the mountain river. Solid, so that ... consolidate. (Make the use of verbs)

Wei Tianxia is not in the benefits of soldiers: shocking the world can't rely sharply sharply.

Did: refers to the right path of governing the country, that is, the ringerism.

to: extreme point

relatives: inside and outside relatives, including the father and relatives of the father and mother.

: the password, the same "rebellion", betrayed.

The gentleman has no battle, the war will win: So the monarch of the benevolent government is not war, and the war must be victory. The gentleman, refers to the monarchs that can be rinative, that is, "Snow" mentioned above.

Creative Background

Selected from "Mencius Gongshun ugly", Mencius is born in the Lu Guoan, his ancestors are Mumon, who is the late Ru Guo. But when Mencius is born, his family has become not falling. The big chaos in the late Spring and Autumn Period, making their families becoming slightly micro-tightening, and they were forced to go to Zou from Lu. After another, I have been difficult to fight, I have to "housing homes" when I get to Mencius. The situation of Mencius parents is no longer available. I only know that Mencius is lifted by Mencius. For the reading of Mencius, Meng Mun once returned three times, an anger. In addition to the age of 40, Mencius has begun to contact the political figures between the countries and running between the vassal states and promoting their thoughts and political claims. Mencius inherited Confucius's "benevolence" idea, advocating "people-oriented", "people are expensive, social second, Jun is light." Mencius opposed merger, he believed that the war is too cruel, advocating "Ren Zheng" unified World. The theoretical basis of Mencius "Ren Zheng" is "sexualism." Mencius said, "There are people who are hidden." He believes that goodness is a unique nature of human beings, and an essential sign of the district and animals. Apprecience Apprecience in

Literature

The central argument is the first two sentences. Mencius proposes three concepts: Time, place, people, and compare these three, layers advance.

The first segment of the author proposes that the central argument is compared with each other when using the day, and the people, people and the three are compared. The middle two "It's better" to connect, expressed the progress of progress, one more important. This makes the argument, which is more distinct.

second paragraph, arguing "Tiantian and". Taking the setting of the day, it is important to break the land as an example, compare the important "Time" in "land". "Sanli City, Qili's Guo" shows the city small and difficult; "Catholic attack" indicates that the attack of the attacking is strong, accounting for the initiative of the battle; "not" means the attacker failed. The battle will win with the weak, the strong defeated, the author believes that the reason is the power of the army, because of the advantage of "Tiantia", but the defenders can be resistant to the "land"; the attacker is not broken, the military is scattered It is inevitable. This is convincingly proves the correctness of "not as good as the land".

third paragraph, arguing that "the land is not as good as people". With good geographical conditions, you can't keep it as an example, compare the light weight of "land" and "people and". "City Gao", "The Pool", "Instrument", "Mi Mo" indicates that the defenders have superior "land" conditions, and this can achieve the final victory of the war. However, the result is "the committee", the reason is that there is no "and", there is good condition to play, but there is no "people" and "people and" attractive, this is powerful The reason why "land is not as good as people".

paragraph 4, the authors use the word "故 曰" to undertake the views presented above, and the presentation is said. First use the same negation in three forms, "domain", "solid country", "Wei Tianxia" can not rely on "Time" and "land" conditions, and further emphasize the importance of "people and" . The author's positive means is included in the argument of "Delivery and Loss 寡 Hold" below. The "Tao" mentioned here is "benevolence". This argument pointed out the essence of "people and". Further, further inference, pointed out that "oluntage" will be rebellious, and "more help" will return to the world. One anti-one, contrast is clear. Finally, "the gentleman has no war, the battle will win", and the important meaning of "people and" is very thorough, deepened the center of the article.

The article is clear, the structure is rigorous, and the momentum is smooth. And use a large number of extensions, enhance the inquiry, and make arguments more convincing.

Writing Features

Article is good at applying a metaphor. From the end of the article, Mencius opposed the war, but repeatedly mentioned war. This is to meet the psychology of the princes, so that there will be opportunities to promote their "benevolence" claims to the princes.

The article is analyzed, the discussion is magnificent, the momentum is unrestrained, clarifies the in-depth and logic of the rejuvenation layer; also uses the rhetorical method of the extension, so that the articles are strong and convincing.

Works Comments

Modern writer Qian Xianshun: "Mencius Gongshun is ugly" said, "It is better to be as good as the place, and the land is not as good as people." "people and" put " The lofty position above the "Lower". Ancient Qianxian recognizes the difference between things and the rich and colorful, advocated "and" of the world.

The annotation of the philosopher in the Qing Dynasty is: "The people are expensive, expensive to the heavens, so that Hashimin is also empty."

Song Dynasty scholar Li Zu: The first chapter of "Mencius Gongshun is ugly", it is said that "it is not as good as the land, the land is not as good as people", the following is divided into three sections, the first paragraph is not as good as the land, the second paragraph is not as good as people, the third paragraph People and, return "Saters to more help", one section, this is a large-scale metric in composition. ("Essence of Articles")

Author Abtrue

Mencius (about 372 BC - 289 BC), famous, word (waiting, one words Subtle or child). Han nationality, East Zhou Zou Guo (now Zoucheng, Zou City, Shandong Province, the birthplace of Confucius and Mencius), the great thinker, educator, politician, literary, essay, educator, politician, literary person, essay family. The main representative of the Confucianism school is one of the characters. Some people think that Zou Guo is the affiliated country of Lu, and some people say that Mencius is Luoyu. It is the Confucian Ideological School. In the political advocation, the law is the king, the people of the people; the students are promoted to Confucius, oppose Yang Zhu, and Mo Zi.

Mencius is transmitted to the descendants of the Gongzhong (Meng Gongzheng) Gongzi, the surname of the aristocrats. The father name is excited, and the mother is horn (zhǎng). Mencius inherited and developed Confucius's thoughts, but he added to the understanding of Confucianism, and some thought is also extremely extreme. It is called "Ya Sheng Gong", which is called Yadheng by the later generation. Its disciples record Mencius's words and deeds into the book of "Mencius", and the 语 集, is the compilation of Mencius, which is written together by Mencius and its disciples. He advocates benevolence, proposing the people's thoughts of "Volunteer Jun", traveling to Qi, Song, Teng, Wei, Lu and other countries, hoping to follow Confucius to push their own political claims, have last more than 20 years. However, Mencius's benevolence is considered to be "round and wide," but not to be implemented. Finally, he returned to his student, together with his students, "" Poetry "," Book ", the meaning of" Mencius "Seven".