International domain name

Introduction

Internationalized Domain Names (IDN) is an Internet domain name refers to all or part of the use of special characters or letters such as Arabic, Chinese, Cyrillic, Tamil, etc. . These systems multi-byte character Unicode compiled from. International domain names using a Domain Name Code (Punycode) prepare and US Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) string is stored in the Domain Name System. In order to establish the domain name system Web search terms become more user-friendly language.

Due to technical limitations, the use of ASCII After a long practice has become customary domain name standards. Internationalized Domain Names will be converted to ASCII text in various languages ​​and stored in the Domain Name System, is a way to solve the technical barriers to international users enter the domain name of the mother tongue. This technique does not need to make any changes to the structure of the Internet.

Internationalized Domain Name was originally developed by Martin Dürst proposed in December 1996. In 1998, under the guidance of Tan Tin Wee, Tan Juay Kwang and Leong Kok Yong put them into practice. After much discussion and comparison of the various proposals, the application Internationalized Domain Names (IDNA) was adopted and used in many top-level domain.

In IDNA, the "Internationalized Domain Names" refers specifically can successfully IDNA domain names into ASCII decimal system. In March 2008, the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) to update existing IDNA protocol (5) established a new IDN Working Group. October 2009, the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) was established by the international country code top-level domain (IDNccTLDs) in Internet use IDNA Standard. May 2010, the first internationalized domain name country code top-level domain installation and operation in the Domain Name System root zone.

process

Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to the end of January 2011, had been received from 22 countries (regions) a total of 33 international domain names, which , has been accredited by ICANN authorized include:

China

Chinese mainland (China, approved by the Chinese simplified and Traditional two.),

China Taiwan (Taiwan, approved Taiwan simplified and Traditional 2),

Egypt < / b> (Egypt, approved a),

Jordan (Jordan, approved a),

Palestinian State (Palestinian Territory, Occupied, approved a),

Russia (Russian Federation, approved a),

Saudi Arabia Arab (Saudi Arabia, approved a),

Sri Lanka (Sri Lanka, approved two),

Thailand (Thailand, approved a),

Tunisia (Tunisia, approved a),

United Arab Emirates (United Arab Emirates, approved a).

that the current global domain name root servers already approved in 12 countries (regions) of 14 internationalized domain names, users worldwide can access.

In addition, there are 10 countries submitted 17 Internationalized Domain Names have not yet approved by ICANN, they are: the Syrian Arab Republic (Syrian Arab Republic, apply a); Singapore (Singapore, apply 2, one of them is Chinese in Singapore); Serbia (Serbia, apply a); Qatar (Qatar, apply a); Oman (Oman, apply a); Morocco (Morocco, apply a); Korea (Republic of Korea apply for a.), Iran (Islamic Republic of Iran, an application), India (India, applied for 7) Algeria (Algeria, apply a).

official material

related to Internationalized Domain Names application for approval of a detailed announcement information, refer to the relevant international domain names ICANN announcement page (updated) URL below.