Intellectual

Definition

The end of the 19th century, in the early 20th century, the intellectuals are distinguished from the knowledge class due to the simultaneous impact of the West. If the intellectuals are "academic molecules", the knowledge class is called "knowledge". Up to 1921 (Xin Xincian) The founding of the Communist Party of China was established in the "China Communist Party Articles" officially used "intellectual", and "knowledge class". In 1933, the Communist Party of China has clearly stated that intellectuals are a social class, which belongs to "mental workers".

Intellectuals are highly knowledgeable, with independent thinking ability and critical spirit of mental workers, distributed in the fields of education, cultural and art, intellectual as a political concept and a relatively independent The social class will exist within a certain period of time, and will eventually disappear with the difference between the high development of the productivity and the difference between urban and rural areas, the difference between mening and physical labor and physical labor.

About the definition of intellectuals, foreign mainstream views are special training, mastering expertise, with knowledge as a means of making a living, with mental labor as a career.

(1) Intellectuals are Chinese social workers: work, agriculture, merchants, school, and soldiers, learn to refer to the brain workers.

(2) and civil servants are referred to as cadres, the entrepreneurs are abbreviated as the merchants, the intellectuals are referred to as the literati, and the opposite is the military, such as the university Chinese Corganism is a science, but it is generally considered complement each other. This is why it usually returns soldiers and technicians, in the business community, the general public marketing department, and serves as a faculty.

(3) Modern society still likes people who have intellectuals, or the habit of intellectuals, generally refers to people with higher degree, more reading.

(4) The despise name of the intellectual is stinky, reflects the low level of intellectuals in the Yuan Dynasty, the Cultural Revolution and the future.

(5) Party foreign intellectuals refer to a high degree of cultural expertise in the at the same time, and to accumulate and disseminate professional knowledge of mental workers. Intellectuals are a historical category that is a social brain worker in social division of labor and cultural education and forming a social brain worker in a particular historical stage.

(6) Public intellectuals is a topic that is very hot in the international intellectual community, but in the Chinese knowledge world seems to have emerged in recent years. Why is there a so-called public intellectual? It is generally believed that the "RussellJacob6) published in 1987, the first question of public intellectuals was first proposed. In his opinion, the previous intellectuals usually have public, they are writing for rich and educated readers.

Source

"intellectual" concept from the West. According to some scholars, the concept of intellectuals in Europe has two in English, and one is intellectsia, the other is Intellectual. The previous word comes from Russia. In 1860, the Boborykin was made by Boborykin, and the 1930s to the 1930s introduced German philosophy into a small circle of Russia. "Intellectuals" refers to a group of people who have been comparable to critical attitudes and resistance to the current situation, they form a unique class in society. The latter is the French scholar began widely used since the foregoing "Drefos" incident. This word specially refers to a group of academic outstanding writers, professors and artists, they criticized politics, becoming the center of social consciousness at the time.