Information product

Essential Attributes

Information Products As a most important output of modern economics, as an important part of modern products, its nature attribute has the following:

(1) Information product is a product of high information content

information product is processed for unparalleled information resources, or for processing information resources The product formed by process is the result of developing information resources.

The information product is based on information, and the information work has been added to the production process, which encompasses a lot of information in the information product, which can be said that information is the main component of the information product. Information components in the information product are much larger than the information ingredients in the material product. Although the material product also includes information ingredients, the raw materials for forming the material product are substances, and their output is also dominated by the material component.

The starting point and end point of the production process is an important essential attribute of the information product.

(2) Information product is the second essential characteristic of the crystallization of information labor

information product is characterized by crystallization of information labor. This essential property contains two aspects of content.

On the one hand, the information product must first be a product of labor. There is no labor processing, including information resources that have not condensed human labor are not information products, natural animals and plants and other natural phenomena issued information and humans. The original information generated in the society is not an information product. This is an important symbol of the information product from general information.

On the other hand, the information product is also required to be based on information labor. Information labor is a kind of intellectual labor, and intellectual labor is a labor for intellectual requirements and low physical strength. Information labor is caused by knowledge progress, and is a intellectual intelligence intelligence to meet the needs of human development. In the production and provision of information products, intelligence accounts for considerable proportion. In general, information labor is related to information activities, not all intellectual labor is information labor.

(3) Information product is based on the product of people's information, and any products can meet certain social needs, people's needs. It can be divided into two major categories: material demand and spiritual demand, information demand is the need for information, knowledge and intelligence, etc. in work, production and life; the purpose of information demand can be to meet the needs of spirit, or it can be more Good to meet people's material needs. Information products can be used directly to meet people's spiritual needs, or in the production of material products production and information products, thereby producing material products and information products with higher quality and better performance, and improve people indirectly. Material life and enriching people's spiritual life.

type

Information products are colorful, numerous types, can be classified by different standards:

1, which has different relationships with material carriers Information product

is cured on its substance carrier according to the information product, which can be divided into two major categories of tangible information products and intangible information products. Table information products refer to information products that must be attached to the material carrier, or may be called information.

varies depending on whether the content varies with the substance carrier, the tangible information product can be divided into two categories: the first type of tangible information product is its content without the conversion of the substance carrier form. Information products, such as scientific information products, economic information products, etc. will not change due to changes in their substance carriers, and most of the tangible information products belong to this class; the second type of information product is the conversion of material carrier forms. Change the information products of its content, such as process, art information products.

Intangible information product refers to information products that have no fixed substance carrier. Such information products are existing by the material carrier, or a human brain is a storage carrier, or a special information product existing in sound waves, electromagnetic waves, and digitization, it is not easy to accumulate and store. In classroom teaching, radio and television services, oral consultation services, users can only get invisible information. Some people also call invisible information products as information services. Nowadays, there is now a digital product network product that belongs to this class. In the back, we will introduce the digital products and network products.

2, information products of different processing depths

The production of information products is mainly processed and treated with respect to information. According to the production depth of the information content in the information product, the information product can be divided into zero information products, one information product, secondary information products and three information products. Among them:

first, zero information products refer to information products that are only available for information, and unparalleled information products are the most primary product form in information products;

second, One information product is information product obtained by scientific research, such as papers, monograph, etc .;

third, secondary information products are information products that are concentrated and arranged for one information product, such as books , Abstracts, indexing, etc .;

fourth, three information products are based on the use of secondary information products, and the information products that are integrated, concentrated, such as the summary. , Review.

3, information products of different labor characteristics

According to its labor characteristics, Zhang Yuan divides information items into material type information products, deepening Information products, expanded information products, divide information services into information, commercial or non-commercial services, guarantee and promote information exchange services, organize information services inside the group; Zhang Shouyi, etc. Divided into material type information products, public information products, deepening information products and special information products. We believe that according to the different labor characteristics, the information product can be divided into the following types:

(1) material type information product. The information product obtained by the same information content and information is repeated, such information products are similar to material product production, so that it is material type information product, such as books, audio-visual products, etc.

(2) expanded information product. That is to grow its information content and range and increase its information content, such as secondary information products, databases, etc.

(3) Deepening the type of information. That is, information products that continue to process the same content and increase their information, such as research reports, academicism, etc.

(4) Special information product. The information product of the information is changed with the change of the carrier, ie the second type of tangible information product.

In addition, information products can also be divided into scientific information products, economic information products, political information products, legal information products, military information products, etc. according to their contents of the content; Decision-making information, control information products, regulatory information products, organizational information products, etc., according to their carrier form, can be divided into oral information products, literature information products and physical information products; according to their communication mode, it is divided into unpaid AC type information products and paid exchange information products.

4, digitization, network information products

Digital products and network products are the category of information products, they are new development of information products. form.

(1) Digital Products

Digital Product is the information content based on digital format.

Digital products include: digital products expressing certain content, called content digital products; representative of exchange tool type digital products; digital processes and services, that is, any interactive behavior that can be digitized.

The physical characteristics of digital products are not easy to destructive, variable, and reproducible.

1 is not easy to destructive means that there is a certain material carrier, but the material is damaged, and the digital product itself is not easily destroyed, as long as the digital product can be properly used correctly and Store, then, no matter how many times you repeatedly, the quality of the digital products will not decline, it is no durable and non-durable;

2 can be changed to index the content of the digital product is If you change, they are easily customized or modified at any time, and the manufacturer cannot control their integrity. Once the digital product is downloaded online, it is difficult to control the integrity of the content on the user-level, although some ways can verify that the digital products have been changed, such as encryption technology and digital signatures, but the degree and range is very small;

3 can be replicable, in fact, a large number of information products are reproducible, but here is a reproducibility of the marginal cost of replication, which is a reproducibility of 0, which gives digital product producers on the one hand. Evergreen profits, on the other hand, the reproducibility of digital products is also provided with pirated activities of digital products, and has a honest manufacturing basis for marginal production costs, thereby bringing huge economic losses to digital product producers.

The economic characteristics of digital products have except for the characteristics of information items. They also have their own characteristics, which is easy to be customized and personalized. The digital products contain a lot of information, the same information can be In different external forms, if different fonts, background colors and pictures, etc., this is mainly derived from the changeableness of digital products, because digital products are easily changed, then producers can refer to Consumers' needs provide their personalized products or services.

(2) Network Products

Network products are information items that are network-as carriers, which can be found in search engines provided by specialized websites. , Will continue.

Network information products not only have the inherent characteristics of general information products, but there are some more unique things:

1 timely, network information product purchases can be produced Just started to sell this product on the Internet, get it in time;

2 low-cost, due to online download or subscription information products, consumers do not need to provide information products to consumers (such as tape, CD, so the sales cost will be lower. In addition, due to the market selling markets is globally, it will inspire more potential groups of purchase desires.

3 Volatility, network information products have passed through various advertising and other media, once it is connected to the search engine, people who really need it will quickly pass the keywords. This is better than the traditional market, and the efficiency improves how many times.

4 full sharing, information manufacturers will be stored in the database, allowing thousands of viewers to call at the same time at the same time, with a large number of users at the same time The situation can only be done on the Internet.

5 traceability, network information products such as newspapers, magazines, etc. In addition to selling the latest sales, users can also purchase any previous period, which is also difficult to do in the traditional medium.

These products can be existed from the carrier, they can spread by electromagnetic waves, and it is easy to share, which is more advanced than traditional information products.