Denver Development Screening Test

Introduction

TheDenverDevelopmentScreeningTestwascompiledbyAmericanDenverscholarsFrankenburg(WKFrankenburg)andDodds(JBDodds)in1967fortheearlydetectionofdifferencesinearlychildhooddevelopment.Asimpleintelligencemeasurementtooldesigned.ReferredtoasDDST.Aninspectioncanbecompletedinonly15minutes.ItmustbenotedthatDDSTisascreeningtest,notameasurementofIQ.Ithasnopredictiveeffectonthecurrentandfutureadaptabilityandintelligenceofinfantsandyoungchildren.ItonlyscreensoutpossibleIQlags,whichcanreflectthelevelofinfantsandyoungchildren’sintellectualdevelopmentandisclear.Theresultscanbeusedbyhealthworkerstodetectpotentialproblemsinyoungchildrenearly.

Thetestscaleiscomposedof105itemsselectedfrom12intelligencetestmethodssuchasGesell,Wexler,Bailey,andStanford-Binet.These105itemsweretestedforinfantsandyoungchildrenfrombirthto6yearsold,andwerearrangedinthetestaccordingtothefourtypesofintelligence(seetheGesellInfantDevelopmentScale)accordingtohumanability,physicalability,speechabilityandmotorability.Accordingtothelevelofyoungchildrenreachingthesetestitems,theirdevelopmentcanbeeffectivelyestimated.Therefore,childcareandmedicalinstitutionsintheUnitedStatesuseitasaroutineapplicationtool,anditisalsowidelyusedinmanycountries.

In1981,FrankenbergmodifiedtheDDSTintoasteppedDDST-R.Thetestitemswerereducedto12items,whichreducedthetesttimefrom15minutesto5-6minutes.Moregenerallywelcome.ChinahastriedtheDenverSmartTestsince1979,andclinicalpracticehasprovedthatitcanquicklyandeffectivelyestimatethedevelopmentofyoungchildren.

Content

TheDenverSmartTestFormiscomposedof104items,dividedintofourenergyareas:

(1)Personal-SocialEnergyArea:TheseitemsItshowsthechildren'sabilitytorespondtopeoplearoundthemandtomanagetheirownlives.

(2)Finemotor—adaptiveperformancezone:Theseitemsindicatetheabilityofinfantsandyoungchildrentoseeandtofetchobjectsanddrawpictureswiththeirhands.

(3)Languagecompetencezone:Theitemsthatmakeuptheinstinctzoneindicatetheabilityofinfantsandyoungchildrentolisten,understandanduselanguage.

(4)Bigathleticenergyzone:Theinstinctzoneprojectshowschildren'sabilitytosit,walkandjump.

Amongthe104items,someareallowedtoasktheparentsofinfantsandtoddlerstodeterminewhethertheyarepassedornot,andsomearejudgedbytheinspectorbyobservingtheoperationsofinfantsandtoddlersontheitems.Thescreeningresultsaredividedintofourcategories:normal,suspicious,abnormalandunexplainable.Infantsandyoungchildreninthelatterthreesituationsshouldbereviewedwithinacertainperiodoftime.Iftheresultofthere-examinationisstillthesame,furtherinspectionshouldbeperformed.Theadvantageofthisscreeningmethodisthatitcanscreenoutsomechildrenwhomayhaveproblemsbutareclinicallyasymptomatic.Itcanalsobeconfirmedordeniedbyexaminationsthatfeelproblematic;itcanalsobeusedforhigh-riskinfants(suchasperinatalThosewhohavehadproblemsduringtheperiod)shouldbemonitoredfordevelopmentinordertofindtheproblemintime.Atthesametime,itisalsopossibletoidentifywhichenergyzonethechildbelongsto,anditispossibletoprovideearlyhelptothisenergyzone.

Resultjudgment:

(1)Abnormal:①2ormoreareashave2ormoresluggishness;②1areahas2ormoresluggishness,plusThereisonesluggishnessintheotheroneormoreareas,andalltheitemsthatcuttheagelineinthisareahavefailed.

(2)Suspicious:①Oneareahas2ormoresluggishness;②Oneormoreareashasonesluggishness,andtheitemsthatcuttheagelineoftheenergyareahavefailed.

(3)Normal:Thosewithouttheaboveconditions.

Note:Thosewhofailintheprojectontheleftsideoftheagelinearecalledsluggish,butthefailureoftheprojectthattouchestheagelineisnotconsideredsluggish.

Notes:

BeforetheDenverSmartTest,firstaccuratelycalculatetheactualageofinfantsandyoungchildren,andthenfindtheagescaleatthetopandbottomofthescreeningrecordanddrawtheageline.

Thenumberoftestitemsisdeterminedaccordingtoageandability,thatis,eachenergyzonefirstmeasuresthe3itemsontheleftsideoftheageline,andthenmeasuresallitemsontheleftsideoftheageline.Theevaluationmarkoftheitemis:"P"meanspass,"F"meansfail,"R"promptsinfantsandyoungchildrennottoperform,and"NO"meansinfantsandyoungchildrenhavenochancetoperform.

TheDenverSmartTesthasbeensuccessfullyappliedtocomputerproducts.TheChildren’sIntelligenceTesterofBeijingHongciTongkangTechnologyDevelopmentCenterhassuccessfullyusedtheDenverSmartTest,whichcanperformsmarttestsoninfantsandyoungchildrenaged0-6,andCanautomaticallypresentthetestofeachenergyzoneunderthecorrespondingagescale!

Inaddition,itisnecessarytorecordthebehaviorofinfantsandyoungchildren,suchascheckingforcooperation,attentiontime,self-confidence,neuroticismorotherabnormalactivities.