Camros

Character Introduction

As a special foundation of the Wisconsin tradition as a system economics, Kang Munz from his practice, historical and experimental research, especially In terms of labor relations and social reform, he has got his theoretical insight (summarized in his "capitalist legal basis and institutional economics"). He not only learned from economics, but also learned from political science, law, sociology and history. As a major consultant and architect, Camunz actively participating in the state and the federal government consultant as the Robertm.lafollette led by Robertm.lafollette. He has played a lot of legislation in drafting major issues such as industrial relations, administrative agencies, utilities management, workers compensation and unemployment insurance. He served in the Federal and State Industry Committee and is an creation of the US Labor Regulations Federation, active in the National Civil Alliance, the National Consumer Federation (1923-1935 Chairman), National Institute of Economics (1920-1928) Director) and the US Economic Association (1917 as the president). He participated in the anti-Torres litigation (especially the Pittsburgh Plus) and the currency and banking system reform movement (often participating in Irving Fisher), Fisher believes that Caman is the main currency economy during this period. One of the students).

Academic Study

The main line of different works in Camunz is about the development of the system, especially in the development of the internal system of capitalist. He has developed the theory of capitalist evolution theory and system changes, and uses them as the mitigation force of the major disadvantages of capitalism. Camros began to admit and emphasized personal economic behavior in the system, called this behavior as collective action in control, liberation, and expanding personal actions. According to his point of view, from the methodology, traditional individualists focus on the research focus on individual trading, is impossible to break through various strengths, work rules and systems for the structural characteristics of economic architectures, and individuals are in this system Internal activities. The key to the development and operation of the economic system is the government, and the government is a primary tool for collective action and reform.

Camros refuses only traditional residualism and opposes the radical revolutionary revolutionary of conflicts, and in conjunction with the perspective of a conflict with the economic process. He accepts the reality of conflict with each other and finds reality development models that reduce and resolve conflicts of interest. The core of these modes is a negotiation psychology under multi-power structure. He is looking for ideological openness and progress, the support of the industry, labor and government leaders, formulates some methods, through these methods, can identify problems and seek solutions to all parties.

In addition, he seeks to use the government as a new measures to address institutions such as workers, such as workers' innucing and difficult problems, is the re-restructuring of the promotion system, although his actions are very radical. In order to achieve these purposes, Camuns and a small number of correspondences start collecting materials - this is his investigation research method - to use all scientific knowledge to solve problems. According to these experiences (seemed to him in his basic strategy), Caman has established a government theory that controls the government as a place to negotiate against interest groups and conflict interest groups; a complex tissue For freedom, power and mandatory - and capitalist legal foundation, the latter partially relieves the main structural conflict between the benefits; and establishes a systematic theory to organize personal activities and Solve the role of conflict to perspective.

Comens' most careful studies are unions and governments, especially the judicial system. He has developed his theory of his government's economic role. In part, he is based on the research on the development of the market, and part of the people's host friends are using the government. Cumnsys regards unions as a non-revolutionary developments, as is a collective action organization for workers, just like enterprise organizations aims to do things for their owners and managers. His for trade unions and reforms Legislation has recognized studies, enabling him to recognize the key role of the US Supreme Court (courts at all levels), recognizing that the Supreme Court is non-limiting in the form and implementation of the rules, and these working rules guides the market forces to obtain and use. According to this, Camros made a property theory, which emphasizes the evolution and role of property in controlling market participation in relative boycover capacity.

Camunz has also developed a systematic theory. It focuses on different aspects related to the system, such as negotiations, quotas and management transactions, etc. All this is in its own legitimate structure. Incidentally occurred.

Although Camuns's system theory and the system theory of Torsteinveblen have different focuses, for example, he emphasizes the structural reform of capitalism. However, they all think of economics as political economics and believe that the economy not only contains markets. Unlike Fanbun, Caman does not host businessmen, in fact, he also accepts capitalist reality, although it is not necessarily or approved by the existing authority.

Camunz is one of the few American economists who created "school", his school is made of a group of students, especially by Seligperlman, Edwin E Witwine.witte, Martinglaser and Kennethpass (Kennethparsons) continue. Many American social reforms in the 20th century, such as new politics, use or reflect the theoretical achievements of Camanns and his colleagues and students.

Publishing Book

Academic influence

The impact on Kos and others

For the old institutional school representative represented by Bollen, Camunz, some traditions is that it is a vulgar and an inexpensive school. Later, this view has been further strengthened because of the famous comments of the French economics. Kos believes that "the representative of the old institutional school COMMONS, Mi Tar (Wesleymitchell) is some of the big smart characters, but they are anti-theory. They left a bunch of future people There is no actual material that has no theoretical value, there are very few things that can be inherited. "However, an indisputable fact is that Coes criticizes Camunz, etc., is a bunch of needs theory to finish, or only can only pay one torch. The descriptive material, one side, but also from the old institutional school "stealing teacher", re-proposing and explaining the "transaction cost" concept of subsequent disciplines such as new institutional economics, legal economics. In addition, Kos et al. On property and property rights are also inherited by Camanos. Therefore, Cos made people thinking that he had some "unity of the mouth", so ironically, it also triggered people to reflect on the old institutional school. Jagenliang made "re-recognizing the theoretical value of the old institutional school", "Although the old institutional school failed to provide a more complete theoretical system like the new institutional economics, there is no shortage of theoretical value. As a '异 端' It not only nurtured some major schools of mainstream schools, but ... it is possible to provide the necessary nutrition in the direction of the new institutional future development. "

" transaction "theory on later people's influence / h3>

Method economics has three major theoretical cornerstone: Smith, Cos, Pisner. An important concept contained in the latter two major theories is "transaction costs". The concept of "transaction cost" is founded by Cos. Although Cos readmented its theory has some unimpeded ideas, this does not mean that his theory has no real foundation and ideological origin. ?

The prototype of the transaction cost is first made from the Bollen's "Enterprise", while Camuns will generalize the concept of "transaction" as a basic analysis unit. In Camunz, "transaction" is more than just simple items or bilateral transfer, but the relationship between people and people. As the relationship between people, the transaction is the transfer of ownership. It does not object to be object, but is subject to property rights, which is the right to make the right to natural objects between people, which is the legal control of the law. Obviously, Camunz generalizes the concept of "transactions", it is a broad "transaction", and all kinds of relationships in human society can discuss under this general concept. In the past, there were very different economic activities such as trading activities, managers' management and national taxation, etc., and in-depth research and comparison, this As far as the extensive application of the proposed transaction cost concept and the extensive trading cost analysis method provides a realistic possibility and broad potential space. "??

It can be seen, Cooth is in the" transaction "concept has been founded Based on the definition and use, the "transaction fee" concept is proposed. Cos chooses "transaction" as the basic unit of analysis, inspects the cost of trading activities, and highlights the meaning of transaction relationship as a system of legal ownership, is clearly the inheritance of Camunz. The foundation of the "Transaction Cost" is also obviously based on the "transaction" category. However, Cornsys and Cos analyzes the "transaction" method. Comens is the main method of philosophy, law, sociology and psychology in the analysis of "transactions", rather than economics, so there is no analysis of "transaction", did not take into account People's trading activities need to pay a price. Kos is a resource allocation efficiency perspective to understand the connotation of the transaction itself, and analyze the transaction and its regulation with economics. In this way, we will find that "Kang Munz analyzes 'transaction', but there is no analysis or no trading price; Cos has not created the 'transaction' category, but undoubtedly the first 'transaction cost' category."

In addition to Kos, Williamson, "Organization" into the law and economics research, also studied "transaction", and the meaning of Williamson's "transaction" concept of Biscos " The concept of trading is closer to the theoretical tradition of Camunz. In Williamson, there is generally existent transaction relationship between enterprises, workshops and operators in the same workshop. In addition, Williamson is like Kang Munz, as the "transaction" as the basic unit of its theoretical analysis, and Williamson also inherited and developed the purpose of establishing economic organizations believed by Camanos to coordinate transactions. The contradiction between the two sides is to avoid the actual or possible thoughts of various conflicts. In his work, he repeatedly proved a truth, ie: "The core problem of economic organizations is to save transaction costs."

Distinguish between property and property rights on later people

In "Institutional Economics", Kang Munz said: "I review these orthodox economists from John Lock to today, find that they advocate two contradictory wealth It is: whether they are wealth is something that is a matter of matter, but it is the ownership of the thing. However, ownership is at least in the modern sense of intangible property, meaning limiting the amount of power to maintain price; ... until the 19th century The non-regular economist of the middle leaves, such as Marx, Proud, Kelle, Baste, McLuod, blurred, is ignored that all ownership and substance is not the same. "Visible, in Kang Munz," Property and "property rights" are not the same concept. It can be said that the concept of Camunz property is basically retained. For example, the definition of Alchin to "property rights (property rights)" is: "Property Right is a socially enforced choice of choice of economic products." E · Philiphead and S · Zijieqi put property rights Defined as: "Property is not about the relationship between people and things, but is some recognized behavioral relationships between people due to the presence and use of things." Nos also believes: "The property rights are essentially one Vanguang rights. "As for Cos himself, although there is no clear definition to" property rights ", he is also distinguishing" property "and" property rights "during the discussion. Obviously, this is a tradition of accepting or inheriting Camros by receiving or inheriting Caman.

The impact of the institutional analysis school of law economics

System Analysis School is one of the influential genres of modern west method economics, and the main representatives of contemporary WJSAMUELS, Schmidimid and Williamson. Schplend and Samuels inherited the Basic Spirit of Kang Munz, regarding the legal system as the rules system of coordinated conflict. They disagreed with the mainstream efficiency of the Posner et al., It is not intended that efficiency is not related to the distribution of interest, and the impact of the market on conflicts is not neutral. They believe that only in the form of property rights and efficiency, it is easy to fall into the ending of loop demonstration, so they all advocate the law of choosing the coordination rules between people through the law and economic evolution process. Legal System. For example, Schmid, he regards legal system as a collection of rules of coordination conflicts and people's preferences, which determines a person or group's choice set, and impact economic performance. Undoubtedly, this is the connection between the law from the conflict from the law through law, emphasizing the view of the law on the decisive role of social and economic development. Samuels regards the legal and economic processes as a unified system, that is, the law is a function of the economy, the economy is also a function of the law, and the interactive relationship between the two is analyzed and the evolution trend. In this regard, we can find the most exciting legal and economic impact and promotion of the legal and economy in the description of the legal meaning of "property"'s legal implications of "property".

Main works

"Distribution of Wealth" (1893) "Training and Labor Problems" (1905) "Law Basis of Capitalism" (1913) (1924) "Institutional Economics: It is in political economics" (1934).