Alfred Ayer

Life

Aeyer is born in London, and he studied at Eattics and Oxford University Christo College. In 1932, we went to the University of Vienna and began to contact the Vienna school. In 1952, Ayer became academicians of the British Academy of Sciences. In 1963, he was awarded the famous academician of the American Academy of Sciences. In 1976, the foreign academician of Denmark Science and Technology is elected. In 1962, the famous Ph.D. in Brussels was obtained. In 1972, he won a Ph.D. in Dongying Geely. In 1978, he received a Ph.D. in London University.

Theory

Ayer is the most famous, perhaps his "confirm principle" in "Language, Truth and Logic" [1]. According to this principle, a sentence is only meaningful if it can be verified. Otherwise, it is "analysis" agrees to repeat [2]; either, if it is not experienced, it is not analyzed, it is "shaped to go to school", which is meaningless. Ayer's ideas are greatly influenced by the Vienna School and David Houme. His writing style is clear and active and good at debate. This also makes his "language, truth and logic" have become a must-study of logical empirists. This book is considered to be the classic text of philosophy of philosophy in the twentieth century, which greatly helps logic exclusiveism (originating in German) Austria's spread in the English world.

Ayer inherits Locke, Hem, and the British experience of British Russell with him. Ayer's life has been finally finalized: he always refuses the possibility of priori knowledge, so he regards philosophical approach to key concepts - such as "due to fruit law", "truth", "knowledge", "freedom", etc. Analysis.

1972-73, Ayere was awarded in the University of Sheng Andrews [3], and then published "the central issue of philosophy". He believes in logical positivism: most of the so-called "philosophy" - including all the forms, theology and aesthetics, can not be judged as true or false, so on their discussion is meaningless. This makes him received cold or even attacks in many philosophy.

In the book "People's Concept and Other Paperings" (1963), Ayere puts forward some criticisms of the theory of "private language" theory in Witgen.

Oxford University Philosophers Osding [4] in its "feelings and perceived" [5] books in the book in "The Foundation of Experienced Knowledge" The proposed "sensory material" [6] theory. Is Aerel's theory of "Ostein refuted the sensation material? "Reply to the criticism of Osding.

He has written two works about Russell: "Russell and Moore: Analysis of the Tradition of Philosophy" (1971), "Russell" (1972). He also wrote the introduction of Haim Philosophy.

1938, "Language, Truth and Logic" [7]

1940, "The Foundation of Experience" [8]

1954, "Philosophy" (on freedom, phenomenology, basic proposition, utilitarianism, other soul, past, intrinsistic papers) [9]

1957, "as a logic The concept of the probability of the relationship "[10]

1955," Knowledge problem "[11]

1963," people's concept and other papers "(on truth, privacy And private language, natural law, people's concept, probability paper) [12]

1967, "Is the Austin refuted sensory material theory? "[13]

1968," The origin of pragmatism "[14]

1969," metaphysics and common sense "[15]

1971 "Russell and Moore: Analysis of the traditional Chinese" [16]

1972, "Probability and Evidence" [17]

1972, "Betland Russell" [ 18]

1973, "The Center of Philosophy" [19]

1977, "part of my life" [20]

1979, "Reply" [21]

1980, "Hmb" [22]

1982, "Philosophy in the 20th Century" [23]

1984, "More Sections in my life" [25]

1986, "Lude" Vikwitgen Shi Tam "[26]